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salva veritate
The literal translation of the Latin "''salva veritate''" is "with (or by) unharmed truth", using ablative of manner: "''salva''" meaning "rescue," "salvation," or "welfare," and "''veritate''" meaning "reality" or "truth". Thus, ''Salva veritate'' (or intersubstitutivity) is the logical condition by which two expressions may be interchanged without altering the truth-value of statements in which the expressions occur. Substitution ''salva veritate'' is not possible in opaque contexts.〔L.T.F. Gamut, ''Logic, Language and Meaning'', 1991〕
== Leibniz ==
The phrase occurs in two fragments from Gottfried Leibniz's ''General Science. Characteristics'':
* In Chapter 19, Definition 1, Leibniz writes: "Two terms are the same (''eadem'') if one can be substituted for the other ''without altering the truth of any statement'' (''salva veritate'')."
* In Chapter 20, Definition 1, Leibniz writes: "Terms which can be substituted for one another wherever we please ''without altering the truth of any statement'' (''salva veritate''), are the same (''eadem'') or coincident (''coincidentia''). For example, 'triangle' and 'trilateral', for in every proposition demonstrated by Euclid concerning 'triangle', 'trilateral' can be substituted ''without loss of truth'' (''salva veritate'')."
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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